6. Bibliografía

Abril, C., Vilei, E., Brodard, I., Burnens, A., Frey, J., and Miserez, R., 2007. Discovery of insertion element ISCfe1: A new tool for Campylobacter fetus subspecies differentiation. Clin. Microbiol. Iinfect. 13, 993-1000.

Adler, B., and de la Peña Moctezuma, A, 2010. Leptospira and leptospirosis. Vet. Microbiol. 140, 287-296.

Alberton, L.R., Orlandini, C.F., Zampieri, T.M., Nakamur, A.Y., Gonçalves, D.D., Piau Júnior, R., Zaniolo, M.M., Cardim, S.T., Vidotto, O., Garcia J.L. 2015. Efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate, enrofloxacin and oxytetracycline chlorydrate on the treatment of cattle naturally infected by Anaplasma marginale. Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec. 67, 1056-1062.

Alonso-Andicoberry, C., García-Peña, F.J., Pereira-Bueno, J., Costas, E., Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2001. Herd-level risk factors associated with Leptospira spp seroprevalence in dairy and beef cattle in Spain. Prev. Vet. Med. 52, 109 117.

Alt, D.P., Zuerner, R.L., Bolin, C.A., 2001. Evaluation of antibiotics for treatment of cattle infected with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo. JAVMA. 219, 636- 639.

Álvarez-García, G., Fernández-García, A., Gutiérrez-Expósito, D., Ruíz-Santa Quiteria, J.A., Aguado-Martínez, A., and Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2014. Seroprevalence of Besnoitia besnoiti infection and associated risk-factors in cattle from an endemic region in Europe. Vet. J. 200(2), 328-31.

Álvarez-García G. & Ferre I. En prensa. Besnoitiosis bovina. Capítulo 37. Colección: Manuales clínicos de veterinaria. Libro: Enfermedades infectocontagiosas en rumiantes. Editorial: Elsevier. ISBN: 9788491133537

Álvarez-García, G., Frey, C.F., Mora, L.M.O., and Schares, G., 2013. A century of bovine besnoitiosis: An unknown disease re-emerging in europe. Trends Parasitol. 29, 407-415.

Alvarez-Garcia, G., Fernandez-Garcia, A., Gutierrez-Exposito, D., Quiteria, J.A., Aguado-Martinez, A., and Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2014. Seroprevalence of Besnoitia besnoiti infection and associated risk factors in cattle from an endemic region in europe. Vet. J. 200, 328-331.

Angelakis, E., Raoult, D., 2009. Q fever. Vet. Microbiol. 140, 297-309.

Astiz S, 2016. Veterinarios de ADS de Galicia, un nuevo modelo de control de la BVD. Jornada Boehringer Ingelheim. Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Atxaerandio, R., Aduriz, G., Ziluaga, I., Esteban, J.I., Maranda, L., Mainar-Jaime, R.C., 2005. Serological evidence of Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava infection and its association with abortions in cattle in northern Spain. Vet. Rec. 156: 376–380.

Balseiro, A., Prieto, J.M., Espı, A., Perez, V., and Marın, J.G., 2003. Presence of focal and multifocal paratuberculosis lesions in mesenteric lymph nodes and the ileocaecal valve of cattle positive to the tuberculin skin test. Vet. J. 166, 210-212.

Bastida, F., and Juste, R.A., 2011. Paratuberculosis control: A review with a focus on vaccination. J Immune Based Ther 9, 8.

Bondurant, R.H., 2005. Venereal diseases of cattle: Natural history, diagnosis, and the role of vaccines in their control. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 21, 383-408.

Borel, N., Janett, F., Teankum, K., Zlinszky, K., Iten, C., and Hilbe, M., 2007. Testicular hypoplasia in a bull persistently infected with bovine diarrhoea virus. J. Comp. Pathol. 137, 169-173.

Brodersen, B., 2014. Bovine viral diarrhea virus infections: Manifestations of infection and recent advances in understanding pathogenesis and control. Vet. Pathol. 51, 453-464.

Campero, C.M., Cipolla, A.L., Odriozola, E., Medina, D., Morsella, C.G., and Saubidet, M., 1993. Tratamientos sistemicos en toros con infeccion genital a Camylobacter fetus subsp. fetus. Vet. Argent. 10, 303-303.

Cavalieri, J., and Van Camp, S.D., 1997. Bovine seminal vesiculitis: A review and update. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 13, 233-241.

Chiodini, R.J., Van Kruiningen, H.J., and Merkal, R.S., 1984. Ruminant paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease): The current status and future prospects. Cornell Vet. 74, 218-262.

Collantes-Fernández, E., Fort, M.C., Ortega-Mora, L.M., and Schares, G., 2018. Trichomonas. Trichomonas. Parasitic protozoa of farm animals and pets. Springer, pp. 313-388.

Collantes-Fernández E., Horcajo Pilar. Trichomonosis y Campylobacteriosis genital bovina. En García-Bocanegra I., Zafra-Leva R, editores. Enfermedades infectocontagiosas en rumiantes. Madrid: Elsevier; 2019. p 272-279.

Collantes-Fernández, E., Moreno-Gonzalo, J., Sánchez-Sánchez, R., García-Bocanegra, I., Horcajo-Iglesias, P., and Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2019. Prevalence of bovine trichomonosis and associated risk factors in bulls from Spanish beef herds. Theriogenology 128, 116-121.

Collantes-Fernández, E., Mendoza-Ibarra, J.A., Pedraza-Diaz, S., Rojo-Montejo, S., Navarro-Lozano, V., Sanchez-Sanchez, R., Ruíz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., Ortega-Mora, L.M., and Osoro, K., 2014. Efficacy of a control program for bovine trichomonosis based on testing and culling infected bulls in beef cattle managed under mountain pastoral systems of northern spain. Vet. J. 200, 140-145.

Collantes-Fernández, E., Ortega-Mora, L.M., García-Paloma, J.A., 2016. Aptitud reproductiva en toros de monta natural. I. valoración sanitaria. Asociación Nacional de Especialistas en Medicina Bovina de España. Boletín ANEMBE 114. 32 – 43.

Diéguez, F.J., Yus, E., Vilar, M.J., Sanjuán, M.L., Arnaiz, I., 2009. Effect of bovine viral

diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection on dairy calf rearing. Res. Vet. Sci. 87, 39-40.

Diezma-Díaz, C., Jiménez-Meléndez, A., Fernández, M., Gutiérrez-Expósito, D., García-Lunar, P., Ortega-Mora, L., Pérez-Salas, J., Blanco-Murcia, J., Ferre, I., and Álvarez-García, G., 2017. Bovine chronic besnoitiosis in a calf: Characterization of a novel B. besnoiti isolate from an unusual case report. Vet. Parasitol. 247, 10-18.

Donate J, 2014. ¿Por qué el BVD es la enfermedad vírica del ganado vacuno más frecuente de europa?. Portal Veterinario Albeitar 08/2014.

Eaglesome, M.D., and Garcia, M.M., 1997. Disease risks to animal health from artificial insemination with bovine semen. Rev. Sci. Tech. 16, 215-225.

Eiras, C., 2010. Diarrea vírica bovina BVD, rinotraqueítis infecciosa bovina IBR y neosporosis bovina en galicia: Evaluación de la situación epidemiológica y diagnóstico en la leche de tanque. Tesis Doctoral. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela.

Ellis, W. A., 1994. Leptospirosis as a cause of reproductive failure. En: Miller, R. B., (Ed). Diagnosis of abortion. Vet. Clin. North. Am. Food Anim. Pract. 10, 463-478.

Espí, A., Prieto, J.M., Fernández, M., Álvarez, M., 2000. Serological prevalence to six leptospiral serovars in cattle in Asturias (Northern Spain). Epidemiol. Infect. 124, 599-602.

Esteban-Gil, A., Jacquiet, P., Florentin, S., Decaudin, A., Berthelot, X., Ronsin, P., Grisez, C., Prevot, F., Alzieu, J., and Marois, M., 2016. Does bovine besnoitiosis affect the sexual function of chronically infected bulls? Theriogenology 86, 1325-1332.

Esteban-Gil, A., Grisez, C., Prevot, F., Florentin, S., Decaudin, A., Picard-Hagen, N., Berthelot, X., Ronsin, P., Alzieu, J.P., Marois, M., Corboz, N., Peglion, M., Vilardell, C., Lienard, E., Bouhsira, E., Castillo, J.A., Franc, M., and Jacquiet, P., 2014. No detection of besnoitia besnoiti DNA in the semen of chronically infected bulls. Parasitol. Res. 113, 2355-2362.

European Food Safety Authority, 2010. Bovine besnoitiosis: An emerging disease in europe. EFSA Journal 8, 1499.

European Food Safety Authority, 2017a. Scientific opinion on Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): bovine genital campylobacteriosis. EFSA Journal 15 (10), 4990-5020.

European Food Safety Authority, 2017b. Scientific opinion on Assessment of listing and categorisation of animal diseases within the framework of the Animal Health Law (Regulation (EU) No 2016/429): Trichomonosis. EFSA Journal. 15, 4992-5029.

European Union, 1988. Council Directive EEC 88/407 of 14th June 1988 laying down the animal health requirements applicable to intra-community trade in and imports of deep-frozen semen of domestic animals of the bovine species. Off. J. European Communities Council 194, 10-23.

European Union, 2004. Modification of Annexe D of Council Directive EEC 88/407 of 14th June 1988 laying down the animal health requirements applicable to intra-community trade in and imports of deep-frozen semen of domestic animals of the bovine species. Off. J. European Communities Council 4.2.2004, 15-21.

Evans, C.A., Pinior, B., Larska, M., Graham, D., Schweizer, M., Guidarini, C., Decaro, N., Ridpath, J., and Gates, M.C., 2018. Global knowledge gaps in the prevention and control of bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus. Transbound Emerg Dis in press.

Felleisen, R.S., Lambelet, N., Bachmann, P., Nicolet, J., Muller, N., and Gottstein, B., 1998. Detection of Tritrichomonas foetus by PCR and DNA enzyme immunoassay based on rRNA gene unit sequences. J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 513-519.

Ferre, I., Aduriz, G., Del-Pozo, I., Regidor-Cerrillo, J., Atxaerandio, R., Collantes-Fernández, E., Hurtado, A., Ugarte-Garagalza, C., Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2005. Detection of Neospora caninum in the semen and blood of naturally infected bulls. Theriogenology. 63(5), 1504-18.

Fort, M., Dubié, D., Sago, A., Goyeneche, P., Benini, A., Fernández, E., Collantes-Fernández, E., Sánchez-Sánchez, R., Moreno-Gonzalo, J., and Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2016. Evaluation of the performance of bovine trichomonosis control program in la pampa-argentina. XXI International Congress ANEMBE, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Fort, M., Sánchez-Sánchez, R., Moreno-Gozalo, J., Cano, D., García-Bocanegra, I., Quevedo Neyra, L., García-Peña, F., Ortega-Mora, L.M., and Collantes-Fernández, E., 2016. Prevalencia, diagnóstico y control de la campilobacteriosis genital bovina. XXI Congreso Intemacional ANEMBE de Medicina Bovina.

Frey, C.F., Gutierrez-Exposito, D., Ortega-Mora, L.M., Benavides, J., Marcen, J.M., Castillo, J.A., Casasus, I., Sanz, A., Garcia-Lunar, P., Esteban-Gil, A., and Alvarez-Garcia, G., 2013. Chronic bovine besnoitiosis: Intra-organ parasite distribution, parasite loads and parasite-associated lesions in subclinical cases. Vet. Parasitol. 197, 95-103.

Garcia, A., and Shalloo, L., 2015. Invited review: The economic impact and control of paratuberculosis in cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 98, 5019-5039.

Garcia‐Ispierto, I., Tutusaus, J., and López‐Gatius, F., 2014. Does Coxiella burnetii affect reproduction in cattle? A clinical update. Reprod Domest Anim 49, 529-535.

Garcia-Lunar, P., More, G., Campero, L., Ortega-Mora, L.M., and Alvarez-Garcia, G., 2015. Anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Sarcocystis spp. specific antibodies cross-react with Besnoitia besnoiti and influence the serological diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis. Vet. Parasitol. 214, 49-54.

Garcia-Lunar, P., Ortega-Mora, L.M., Schares, G., Gollnick, N.S., Jacquiet, P., Grisez, C., Prevot, F., Frey, C.F., Gottstein, B., and Alvarez-Garcia, G., 2013. An inter-laboratory comparative study of serological tools employed in the diagnosis of Besnoitia besnoiti infection in bovines. Transbound Emerg. Dis. 60, 59-68.

García-Paloma, J.A., 2016. Metodología para valorar la aptitud reproductiva de toros de monta natural. III Jornada ANEMBE de vacuno extensivo. Problemática del toro bravo. Asociación Nacional de Especialistas en Medicina Bovina de España (ANEMBE).

García-Peña, F.J., 2005. Campilobacteriosis genital bovina. Bovis 75-100.

García-Peña, F.J., Herrerro-Herrero, A., García-Baz, S., San Miguel-Ayanz, J.M., 2011. Leptospirosis: situación actual, diagnóstico y control. Proceedings del XVI. Congreso Internacional de Anembe de Medicina Bovina. Ávila, 11-13 de mayo de 2011.

Gerritsen, M.J., Koopmans, M.J., Olyhoek, T., 1993. Effect of streptomycin treatment on the shedding of and the serologic responses to Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo subtype hardjobovis in experimentally infected cows. Vet. Microbiol. 38, 129-138.

Givens, M., 2018. Review: Risks of disease transmission through semen in cattle. Animal 12, s165-s171.

Givens, M.D and Marley M.S, 2008. Pathogens that cause infertility of bulls or transmission via semen. Theriogenology 70, 504-7.

Gómez-Pacheco, J.M., Tarradas, C., Luque, I., Maldonado, J.L., González, M.A., and Perea, A., 2006. Factores de riesgo asociados a la infección por el virus de la DVB en el ganado bovino de Andalucía. modelos predictivos. V Jornadas de epidemiología y medicina preventiva veterinarias, Madrid.

González-García, M., Carbonero-Martínez, A., Borge-Rodríguez, C., Maldonado, J., Gómez-Pacheco, J.M., Perea-Remujo, J., García-Bocanegra, I., and Arenas-Casas, A., 2009. Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV1) infection in non-vaccinated cattle herds in Andalusia (South of spain). Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 3, 550-554.

González J.V., Astiz, S, 2002. Piroplasmosis bovina: Patogenia. Clínica y lesiones. Bovis 108, 41-52.

Guitián, F.J., García-Peña, F.J., Oliveira, J., Sanjuán, M.L., Yus, E., 2001. Serological study of the frequency of leptospiral infections among cows in farms with suboptimal reproductive efficiency in Galicia, Spain. Vet. Microbiol. 80, 275 – 284.

Gunn, G., Stott, A., and Humphry, R., 2004. Modelling and costing BVD outbreaks in beef herds. Vet. J. 167, 143-149.

Gutiérrez-Expósito, D., Arnal, M.C., Martínez-Durán, D., Regidor-Cerrillo, J., Revilla, M., de Luco, Daniel L Fernández, Jiménez-Meléndez, A., Calero-Bernal, R., Habela, M.A., and García-Bocanegra, I., 2016. The role of wild ruminants as reservoirs of Besnoitia besnoiti infection in cattle. Vet. Parasitol. 223, 7-13.

Gutierrez-Exposito, D., Ferre, I., Ortega-Mora, L.M., and Alvarez-Garcia, G., 2017. Advances in the diagnosis of bovine besnoitiosis: Current options and applications for control. Int. J. Parasitol. 47, 737-751.

Houe, H., 1999. Epidemiological features and economical importance of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infections. Vet. Microbiol. 64, 89-107.

Houe, H., Lindberg, A., and Moennig, V., 2006. Test strategies in bovine viral diarrhea virus control and eradication campaigns in Europe. J Vet Diagn Invest. 18, 427-436.

Hull, B.L., and Vogel, S.R., 2008. Seminal vesiculitis. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 24, 267-272.

Jones, C., 2003. Herpes simplex virus type 1 and bovine herpesvirus 1 latency. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 16, 79-95.

Jubb, K.V.F., 1985. Pathology of domestic animals 3rd edition. Academic press.

Kahrs, R., Sheffey, B., and Schultz, R., 1977. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus in bovine semen: Current concepts. Journal of the American Association of Bovines Practitioners.

Kauffold, J., Henning, K., Bachmann, R., Hotzel, H., and Melzer, F., 2007. The prevalence of chlamydiae of bulls from six bull studs in Germany. Anim. Reprod. Sci. 102, 111-121.

Kirkland, P.D., Richards, S.G., Rothwell, J.T., and Stanley, D.F., 1991. Replication of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in the bovine reproductive tract and excretion of virus in semen during acute and chronic infections. Vet. Rec. 128, 587-590.

Kruszewska, D., and Tylewska-Wierzbanowska, S., 1997. Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from bull semen. Res. Vet. Sci. 62, 299-300.

Lanyon, S.R., Hill, F.I., Reichel, M.P., and Brownlie, J., 2014. Bovine viral diarrhoea: Pathogenesis and diagnosis. Vet. J. 199, 201-209.

Lindberg, A., Brownlie, J., Gun, G.J., Houe, H., Moenning, V., Saatkamp, H.W., Sandvik,

T., Valle, P.S., 2006. The control of bovine viral diarrhoea virus in Europe: today and in

the future. Rev. Sci. tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 25, 961-979.

Mainar-Jaime, R., Berzal-Herranz, B., Arias, P., and Rojo-Vázquez, F., 2001. Epidemiological pattern and risk factors associated with bovine viral-diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection in a non-vaccinated dairy-cattle population from the asturias region of spain. Prev. Vet. Med. 52, 63-73. 

Martínez, M., Chirino-Trejo., M, Rovay., H, Arteaga., A, Barth, A., 2009. Actualización en adenitis vesicular en toros. Taurus Bs As 11 (44), 16-34.

Mendoza-Ibarra, J.A., Ortega-Mora, L.M., Pedraza-Díaz, S., Rojo-Montejo, S., Ruíz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., Garcia-Pena, F.J., Navarro-Lozano, V., Cuevas-Martin Mdel, C., Osoro, K., and Collantes-Fernández, E., 2013. Differences in the prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in beef cattle farmed under extensive conditions in Northern Spain. Vet. J. 196, 547-549.

Mendoza-Ibarra, J.A., Pedraza-Díaz, S., García-Pena, F.J., Rojo-Montejo, S., Ruíz-Santa-Quiteria, J.A., San Miguel-Ibanez, E., Navarro-Lozano, V., Ortega-Mora, L.M., Osoro, K., and Collantes-Fernández, E., 2012. High prevalence of Tritrichomonas foetus infection in Asturiana de la Montana beef cattle kept in extensive conditions in Northern Spain. Vet. J. 193, 146-151.

Michi, A.N., Favetto, P.H., Kastelic, J., and Cobo, E.R., 2016. A review of sexually transmitted bovine trichomoniasis and campylobacteriosis affecting cattle reproductive health. Theriogenology 85, 781-791.

Muylkens, B., Thiry, J., Kirten, P., Schynts, F., and Thiry, E., 2007. Bovine herpesvirus 1 infection and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. Vet. Res. 38, 181-209.

Newcomer, B.W., Toohey-Kurth, K., Zhang, Y., Brodersen, B.W., Marley, M.S., Joiner, K.S., Zhang, Y., Galik, P.K., Riddell, K.P., and Givens, M.D., 2014. Laboratory diagnosis and transmissibility of bovine viral diarrhea virus from a bull with a persistent testicular infection. Vet. Microbiol. 170, 246-257.

Olsen, I., Sigurðardóttir, Ó., and Djønne, B., 2002. Paratuberculosis with special reference to cattle A review. Vet. Q. 24, 12-28.

OIE, Manual of Diagnostic Test and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals (mammals, birds and bees).Volume 1, Chapter 2.1.9; Leptospirosis (6ª Ed), 2008. Office International des Epizooties, París, France.

Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal (OIE), 2017. Código Sanitario para los animales terrestres. Campilobacteriosis genital bovina.

Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2012. Is Q fever a significant cause of reproductive failure in cattle? Vet. Rec. 170, 257-258.

Osoro, K., Ortega-Mora, L.M., Martínez, A., Serrano-Martínez, E., Ferre, I., 2009. Natural breeding with bulls experimentally infected with Neospora caninum failed to induce seroconversion in dams. Theriogenology. 71(4), 639-42.

Pérez, V., Moreno, O., Muñoz, M., Garcia-Pariente, C., Benavides, J., Delgado, L., Gonzalez, J., Luis, M., Fuertes, M., and Garcia-Marin, J.F., 2009. Diagnosis of paratuberculosis in slaughtered calves in the Northwest of Castilla y León (Spain) by pathological methods. Proc.10th Int.Coll.PTBC 184.

Ponsart, C., Pozzi, N., Bréard, E., Catinot, V., Viard, G., Sailleau, C., Viarouge, C., Gouzil, J., Beer, M., and Zientara, S., 2014. Evidence of excretion of Schmallenberg virus in bull semen. Vet. Res. 45, 37.

Raaperi, K., Orro, T., and Viltrop, A., 2014. Epidemiology and control of bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in Europe. Vet. J 201, 249-256.

Rae, D.O., and Crews, J.E., 2006. Tritrichomonas foetus. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Pract. 22, 595-611.

Reinhold, P., Sachse, K., and Kaltenboeck, B., 2011. Chlamydiaceae in cattle: Commensals, trigger organisms, or pathogens? Vet. J 189, 257-267.

Rojo-Montejo, S., San Miguel-Ayanz, J.M., Barrios, V., García-Fariña, O., Navarro-Lozano, V., Collantes-Fernandez, E., Aduriz, G., Ortega-Mora, L.M. Descripción de varios casos clínicos asociados a la infección por el virus de la enfermedad de Schmallenberg en ganado bovino en España. Boletín ANEMBE 2013, 100: 14-17.

Rovay, H., Barth, A.D., Chirino-Trejo, M., Martínez, M.F., 2008. Update on treatment of vesiculitis in bulls. Theriogenology. 70(3), 495-503.

Ruiz-Fons, F., Astobiza, I., Barandika, J.F., Hurtado, A., Atxaerandio, R., Juste, R.A., and García-Pérez, A.L., 2010. Seroepidemiological study of Q fever in domestic ruminants in semi-extensive grazing systems. BMC Vet Res 6, 3.

Sager, H., Ferre, I., Henning, K., and Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2007. Tritrichomoniasis. In: Ortega-Mora, L.M., Gottstein, B., Conraths, F.J., and Buxton, D. (Eds.), Protozoal abortion in farm ruminants. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK, pp. 232-262.

San Miguel JM, Ortega-Mora LM, García-Peña FJ. 2008. Impacto de los diferentes agentes infecciosos en la reproducción de una ganadería de lidia. Manual de reproducción y genética del toro de lidia. En: Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (Ed.), Manual de reproducción y genética del toro de lidia. pp. 66-92.

Sanhueza, J., Heuer, C., Jackson, R., Hughes, P., Anderson, P., Kelly, K., and Walker, G., 2014. Pregnancy rates of beef cattle are not affected by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis real-time PCR-positive breeding sires in New Zealand. N. Z. Vet. J. 62, 237-243.

Schares, G., Langenmayer, M.C., Majzoub-Altweck, M., Scharr, J.C., Gentile, A., Maksimov, A., Schares, S., Conraths, F.J., and Gollnick, N.S., 2016. Naturally acquired bovine besnoitiosis: Differential distribution of parasites in the skin of chronically infected cattle. Vet. Parasitol. 216, 101-107.

Serrano-Martínez, E., Ferre, I., Martínez, A., Osoro, K., Mateos-Sanz, A., Del-Pozo, I., Aduriz, G., Tamargo, C., Hidalgo, C.O., Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2007a. Experimental neosporosis in bulls: parasite detection in semen and blood and specific antibody and interferon-gamma responses. Theriogenology. 67(6), 1175-84.

Serrano-Martínez, E., Ferre, I., Osoro, K., Aduriz, G., Mota, R.A., Martínez, A., Del-Pozo, I., Hidalgo, C.O., Ortega-Mora, L.M., 2007b. Intrauterine Neospora caninum inoculation of heifers and cows using contaminated semen with different numbers of tachyzoites. Theriogenology. 67(4), 729-37.

Silveira, C.D.S., Fraga, M., Giannitti, F., Macías-Rioseco, M., and Riet-Correa, F., 2018. Diagnosis of Bovine Genital Campylobacteriosis in South America. Frontiers Vet Sci 5, 321.

Smith, C.R., Corney, B.G., McGowan, M.R., McClintock, C.S., Ketterer, P.J., 1997. Amoxycillin as an alternative to dihydrostreptomycin sulphate for treating cattle infected with Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar hardjo. Aust. Vet. J. 75, 818-821.

Tapiolas, M., 2016. Caracterización de las medidas de bioseguridad de la raza bovina Asturiana de la Montaña. Trabajo Fin de Máster. Universidad Complutense de Madrid.

Van Camp, S.D., 1997. Common causes of infertility in the bull. Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice 13, 203-231.

van der Graaf-van Bloois, L., van Bergen, M.A., van der Wal, F.J., de Boer, A.G., Duim, B., Schmidt, T., and Wagenaar, J.A., 2013. Evaluation of molecular assays for identification Campylobacter fetus species and subspecies and development of a C. fetus specific real-time PCR assay. J. Microbiol. Methods 95, 93-97.

Van Oirschot, J., 1995. Bovine herpesvirus 1 in semen of bulls and the risk of transmission: A brief review. Vet. Q. 17, 29-33.

Vega, S., Orden, J.A., Sánchez, A.G., Palacios, M.T.P., Santa Quiteria, Jóse Antonio Ruiz, and De la Fuente, R., 2004. Seroprevalencia de anticuerpos frente al virus de la diarrea vírica bovina en el ganado bovino de la comunidad autónoma de Madrid. Laboratorio Veterinario AVEDILA 2-8.

Yus, E., Ferreiro, C.E., Hernán-Pérez, M.L.S., Seco, I.A., and Casalta, F.J.D., 2009. Situación actual y programas de control y erradicación del IBR en España. Albéitar: publicación veterinaria independiente 4-7.